| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1 Institute of Respiratory Disease, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, University of Pavia and 2 Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Verona, Italy. 3 Dept of Public Health Sciences, King's College, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
CORRESPONDENCE: R. de Marco, Sezione di Epidemiologia e Statistica Medica, Istituti Biologici II, strada Le Grazie 8, 37134, Verona, Italy. Fax: 39 045505357
Keywords: chronic bronchitis, epidemiology, prevalence, risk factors, smoking, young adults
Received: October 5, 2000
Accepted February 17, 2001
This study was partially supported by grants from the European Commission, the Italian Ministry of University and Scientific and Technological Research (MURST) and from the Veneto Region.
The present work aims to assess the international variation in the prevalence of chronic bronchitis and its main risk factor, smoking habits, in young adults of 35 centres from 16 countries.
Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function were assessed in 17,966 subjects (20–44 yrs), randomly selected from the general population, in the frame of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey.
The median prevalence of chronic bronchitis was 2.6%, with wide variations across countries (p<0.001; 0.7–9.7%). The prevalence of current smokers ranged 20.1–56.9% (p<0.001) with a median value of 40%. Current smoking was the major risk factor for chronic bronchitis, especially in males. Its effect increased according to number of pack-yrs: in males, the odds ratio of chronic bronchitis was 3.51 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.31–5.32) in 1–14 pack-yrs smokers and increased to 17.32 (9.97–30.11) in
In conclusion, chronic bronchitis is a substantial health problem even in young adults. The impressive prevalence in current smokers in most countries highlights the need to improve the quality of prevention.
45 pack-yrs smokers with respect to nonsmokers. Only 30% of the geographical variability in prevalence could be explained by differences in smoking habits, suggesting that other environmental and/or genetic factors may play an important role.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. F. Potts, R. J. Rona, M. J. Oyarzun, H. Amigo, and P. Bustos Indoor Risk Factors for Cough and Their Relation to Wheeze and Sensitization in Chilean Young Adults Am J Public Health, April 1, 2008; 98(4): 680 - 686. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O A Ayo-Yusuf, P S Reddy, and B W van den Borne Association of snuff use with chronic bronchitis among South African women: implications for tobacco harm reduction Tob. Control, April 1, 2008; 17(2): 99 - 104. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Caballero, C. A. Torres-Duque, C. Jaramillo, F. Bolivar, F. Sanabria, P. Osorio, C. Orduz, D. P. Guevara, and D. Maldonado Prevalence of COPD in Five Colombian Cities Situated at Low, Medium, and High Altitude (PREPOCOL Study) Chest, February 1, 2008; 133(2): 343 - 349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Baik, J. Kim, R. D. Abbott, S. Joo, K. Jung, S. Lee, J. Shim, K. In, K. Kang, S. Yoo, et al. Association of Snoring With Chronic Bronchitis Arch Intern Med, January 28, 2008; 168(2): 167 - 173. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-C. Wang, J.-M. Lin, C.-Y. Li, L.-T. Lee, Y.-L. Guo, and F.-C. Sung Prevalence and Risks of Chronic Airway Obstruction: A Population Cohort Study in Taiwan Chest, March 1, 2007; 131(3): 705 - 710. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J Sunyer, D Jarvis, T Gotschi, R Garcia-Esteban, B Jacquemin, I Aguilera, U Ackerman, R de Marco, B Forsberg, T Gislason, et al. Chronic bronchitis and urban air pollution in an international study Occup. Environ. Med., December 1, 2006; 63(12): 836 - 843. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C Fuhrman, E Jougla, J Nicolau, D Eilstein, and M-C Delmas Deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in France, 1979-2002: a multiple cause analysis Thorax, November 1, 2006; 61(11): 930 - 934. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J. Halbert, J. L. Natoli, A. Gano, E. Badamgarav, A. S. Buist, and D. M. Mannino Global burden of COPD: systematic review and meta-analysis Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2006; 28(3): 523 - 532. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Janson, N. Kunzli, R. de Marco, S. Chinn, D. Jarvis, C. Svanes, J. Heinrich, R. Jogi, T. Gislason, J. Sunyer, et al. Changes in active and passive smoking in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey. Eur. Respir. J., March 1, 2006; 27(3): 517 - 524. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 U. Isabel, C. Alberto, Q. J. Maria, M. Nerea, B. Xavier, S. Jordi, and and the Spanish Group of the European Community Re Smoking habit, respiratory symptoms and lung function in young adults Eur J Public Health, April 1, 2005; 15(2): 160 - 165. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Shin, S. Lee, R. D. Abbott, J. H. Kim, S. Y. Lee, K. H. In, and K. Kimm Respiratory Symptoms and Undiagnosed Airflow Obstruction in Middle-Aged Adults: The Korean Health and Genome Study Chest, October 1, 2004; 126(4): 1234 - 1240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R de Marco, S Accordini, I Cerveri, A Corsico, J Sunyer, F Neukirch, N Kunzli, B Leynaert, C Janson, T Gislason, et al. An international survey of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in young adults according to GOLD stages Thorax, February 1, 2004; 59(2): 120 - 125. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Cerveri, S. Accordini, A. Corsico, M.C. Zoia, L. Carrozzi, L. Cazzoletti, M. Beccaria, A. Marinoni, G. Viegi, and R. de Marco Chronic cough and phlegm in young adults Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2003; 22(3): 413 - 417. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
The pharmacoepidemiology of COPD: Recent advances and methodological discussion Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2003; 22(43_suppl): 1s - 44s. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Halbert, S. Isonaka, D. George, and A. Iqbal Interpreting COPD Prevalence Estimates: What Is the True Burden of Disease? Chest, May 1, 2003; 123(5): 1684 - 1692. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Cerveri, A. Corsico, M. C. Zoia, J. Vestbo, and P. Lange Gold Stage 0 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., March 15, 2003; 167(6): 936 - 936. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Monso, M. Schenker, K. Radon, E. Riu, R. Magarolas, S. McCurdy, B. Danuser, M. Iversen, C. Saiki, and D. Nowak Region-related risk factors for respiratory symptoms in European and Californian farmers Eur. Respir. J., February 1, 2003; 21(2): 323 - 331. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. I. Gourgoulianis, K. Hristou, P. A. Molyvdas, and J. Zielinski Detection of COPD in High-Risk Populations Chest, May 1, 2002; 121(5): 1721 - 1721. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
