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Bronchoconstriction induced by inhaled adenosine 5'-monophosphate in subjects with allergic rhinitis

Sección de Alergología and Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain

CORRESPONDENCE: L. Prieto, Sección de Alergología, Hospital Dr. Peset, C/ Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain. Fax: 34 963862501

Adenosine and its related nucleotide, adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) induce bronchoconstriction in asthmatics, probably caused by histamine release from airway mast cells. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of inhaled AMP on lung function in subjects with allergic rhinitis.

A total of 52 adults (28 subjects with allergic rhinitis, 14 asthmatics and 10 healthy subjects) were challenged with increasing concentrations of AMP and methacholine. Airflow was assessed after each concentration and the response to each bronchoconstrictor agent was measured by the provocative concentration required to produce a 20% fall (PC₂₀) in forced expired volume in one second (FEV₁).

All 14 asthmatics, 10 subjects with allergic rhinitis and none of the healthy controls were hyperresponsive to AMP. Subjects with allergic rhinitis had higher prevalence of hyperresponsiveness to AMP than healthy controls (p=0.038). Although the prevalence of hyperresponsiveness for methacholine and for AMP in subjects with allergic rhinitis was similar (39% and 36%, respectively), four subjects had hyperresponsiveness to methacholine but not to AMP, whereas three subjects had hyperresponsiveness to AMP but not to methacholine.

To conclude, inhaled adenosine 5'-monophosphate causes airway narrowing in a significantly higher proportion of subjects with allergic rhinitis than healthy volunteers. Furthermore, methacholine and adenosine 5'-monophosphate hyperresponsiveness are not detected in the same individuals with allergic rhinitis, thus suggesting that responsiveness to the two bronchoconstrictor stimuli is not reflecting the same abnormalities of the airways.

Keywords: adenosine 5'-monophosphate, airway responsiveness, allergic rhinitis, asthma, methacholine

This article has been cited by other articles:

				L. Prieto, I. Reig, R. Rojas, A. Ferrer, and J. Domenech The effect of challenge method on sensitivity and reactivity to adenosine 5'-monophosphate in subjects with suspected asthma. Chest, November 1, 2006; 130(5): 1448 - 1453. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Prieto, V. Gutierrez, S. Uixera, and J. M. Berto Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Airway Responsiveness to Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate in Subjects With Allergic Rhinitis Chest, April 1, 2003; 123(4): 993 - 997. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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